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Science and Technology/Engineering > Grade 8 > Physical Science
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Science and Technology/Engineering | Grade : 8

Discipline - Physical Science

Core Idea - Matter and Its Interactions

[8.PS.1.2] - Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Clarification Statements: Examples of reactions could include burning sugar or steel wool, fat reacting with sodium hydroxide, and mixing zinc with HCl. Properties of substances include density, melting point, boiling point, solubility, flammability, and odor.

Resources:

Predecessor Standards:

  • 5.PS.1.4
    Conduct an experiment to determine whether the mixing of two or more substances results in new substances with new properties (a chemical reaction) or not (a mixture).
  • 6.PS.1.6
    Plan and conduct an experiment involving exothermic and endothermic chemical reactions to measure and describe the release or absorption of thermal energy. Clarification Statements: Emphasis is on describing transfer of energy to and from the environment. Examples of chemical reactions could include dissolving ammonium chloride or calcium chloride.
  • 6.PS.1.7
    Use a particulate model of matter to explain that density is the amount of matter (mass) in a given volume. Apply proportional reasoning to describe, calculate, and compare relative densities of different materials.
  • 6.PS.1.8
    Conduct an experiment to show that many materials are mixtures of pure substances that can be separated by physical means into their component pure substances. Clarification Statement: Examples of common mixtures include salt water, oil and vinegar, milk, and air.

Successor Standards:

No Successor Standards found.

Same Level Standards:

  • SLCA.6-8.2
    Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.
  • 8.PS.1.1
    Develop a model to describe that (a) atoms combine in a multitude of ways to produce pure substances which make up all of the living and nonliving things that we encounter, (b) atoms form molecules and compounds that range in size from two to thousands of atoms, and (c) mixtures are composed of different proportions of pure substances. Clarification Statement: Examples of molecular-level models could include drawings, three-dimensional ball and stick structures, and computer representations showing different molecules with different types of atoms. State Assessment Boundary: Valence electrons and bonding energy, the ionic nature of subunits of complex structures, complete depictions of all individual atoms in a complex molecule or extended structure, or calculations of proportions in mixtures are not expected in state assessment.
  • 8.PS.1.5
    Use a model to explain that atoms are rearranged during a chemical reaction to form new substances with new properties. Explain that the atoms present in the reactants are all present in the products and thus the total number of atoms is conserved. Clarification Statement: Examples of models can include physical models or drawings, including digital forms, that represent atoms. State Assessment Boundary: Use of atomic masses, molecular weights, balancing symbolic equations, or intermolecular forces is not expected in state assessment.
  • 8.ETS.2.4
    Use informational text to illustrate that materials maintain their composition under various kinds of physical processing; however, some material properties may change if a process changes the particulate structure of a material. Clarification Statements: Examples of physical processing can include cutting, forming, extruding, and sanding. Examples of changes in material properties can include a non-magnetic iron material becoming magnetic after hammering and a plastic material becoming rigid (less elastic) after heat treatment.
  • 8.ETS.2.5
    Present information that illustrates how a product can be created using basic processes in manufacturing systems, including forming, separating, conditioning, assembling, finishing, quality control, and safety. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of human vs. computer control of these processes.