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[6.NS.C.5] -
Understand that positive and negative numbers are used together to describe quantities having opposite directions or values (e.g., temperature above/below zero, elevation above/below sea level, credits/debits, and positive/negative electric charge). Use positive and negative numbers (whole numbers, fractions, and decimals) to represent quantities in real-world contexts, explaining the meaning of zero in each situation.
[6.EE.C.9] -
Use variables to represent two quantities in a real-world problem that change in relationship to one another; write an equation to express one quantity, thought of as the dependent variable, in terms of the other quantity, thought of as the independent variable. Analyze the relationship between the dependent and independent variables using graphs and tables, and relate these to the equation. For example, in a problem involving motion at constant speed, list and graph ordered pairs of distances and times, and write the equation d = 65t to represent the relationship between distance and time.
[4.PS.3.3] -
Ask questions and predict outcomes about the changes in energy that occur when objects collide. Clarification Statement: Changes in energy can include a change in the object’s motion, position, and the generation of heat and/or sound. State Assessment Boundary: Analysis of forces or quantitative measurements of energy are not expected in state assessment.
Science and Technology/Engineering | Grade : 7
Discipline - Physical Science
Core Idea - Energy
[7.PS.3.5] - Present evidence to support the claim that when the kinetic energy of an object changes, energy is transferred to or from the object.
Clarification Statement: Examples of empirical evidence could include an inventory or other representation of the energy before and after the transfer in the form of temperature changes or motion of an object. State Assessment Boundary: Calculations of energy are not expected in state assessment.
[WCA.6-8.1] -
Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.
[7.RP.A.2] -
Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.
[7.PS.3.1] -
Construct and interpret data and graphs to describe the relationships among kinetic energy, mass, and speed of an object. Clarification Statements: Examples could include riding a bicycle at different speeds and rolling different-sized rocks downhill. Consider relationships between kinetic energy vs. mass and kinetic energy vs. speed separate from each other; emphasis is on the difference between the linear and exponential relationships.
State Assessment Boundary: Calculation or manipulation of the formula for kinetic energy is not expected in state assessment.
[7.PS.3.7] -
Use informational text to describe the relationship between kinetic and potential energy and illustrate conversions from one form to another.
Clarification Statement: Types of kinetic energy include motion, sound, thermal, and light; types of potential energy include gravitational, elastic, and chemical.
[HS.PHY.3.2] -
Develop and use a model to illustrate that energy at the macroscopic scale can be accounted for as either motions of particles and objects or energy stored in fields. Clarification Statements: Examples of phenomena at the macroscopic scale could include evaporation and condensation, the conversion of kinetic energy to thermal energy, the gravitational potential energy stored due to position of an object above the earth, and the stored energy (electrical potential) of a charged object’s position within an electrical field. Examples of models could include diagrams, drawings, descriptions, and computer simulations.